History of Labour Day
Origin:
Labour Day traces its roots to the labour union movement in the 19th century, particularly the Haymarket affair in Chicago (USA) in 1886. During this time, American workers were protesting for an 8-hour workday, which led to a massive strike and eventually a violent clash between police and protestors.
The Haymarket Tragedy:
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On May 4, 1886, a peaceful rally turned violent after a bomb was thrown at the police, leading to casualties on both sides.
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In memory of these workers and their sacrifice, May 1st was declared International Workers’ Day by the Second International Socialist Congress in Paris in 1889.
Labour Day in India
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First observed in 1923 in Chennai (then Madras) by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan, led by Comrade Singaravelar.
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Known as ‘Antarrashtriya Shramik Diwas’ or Kamgar Din.
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Recognized as a public holiday in many Indian states.
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Celebrates the contributions of workers and the importance of labour rights.
Significance of Labour Day
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Acknowledges Workers’ Rights: Recognizes the rights of laborers and working-class citizens.
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Promotes Fair Labour Practices: Advocates for safe working conditions, fair wages, and the 8-hour workday.
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Highlights Economic Contributions: Honors the critical role of the workforce in building economies.
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Empowers Trade Unions: Strengthens the global labour movement and union efforts.
How It’s Celebrated Globally
| Country | Celebration Style |
|---|---|
| India | Rallies, speeches, red flags, worker marches |
| USA | Labour Day is observed in September instead of May |
| UK | Celebrated as Early May Bank Holiday |
| Germany | Political speeches and parades |
| Russia | National parades and cultural programs |
| China | Public holiday and travel festival |
| Cuba | Mass parades in Havana led by government and trade unions |
Labour Day Symbols
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Red Flag: Symbolizes the working class and socialism.
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Tools (Hammer, Sickle): Represent labor, industry, and agriculture.
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Posters & Placards: Display slogans for workers’ rights and unity.
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Garlands or Roses: In some countries, red flowers symbolize solidarity.
Popular Labour Day Slogans
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“Workers of the world, unite!”
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“No work without dignity!”
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“Your labour builds the nation.”
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“Power to the working class.”
Final Thought
Labour Day is not just a holiday—it’s a tribute to the sweat and strength of those who built our world with their hands. It’s a reminder that every worker, from a farmer to a factory hand, deserves respect, fair pay, and humane conditions.